Stock market is a place where buyer and seller meet to trade the shares of a company. List of markets i am aware of – Stock , commodity and vegetable markets. All these markets are similar. Stock market is regulated whereas vegetable market is not. Stock market does not require physical presence to buy/sell shares whereas vegetable market requires physical presence. SEBI stands for Securities and Exchange board of India. Its a regulatory body which monitors and regulates the stock market. SEBI is responsible for delivering the shares when I buy a stock.
Face value is the denomination, it will not say about the market value of the company. Dividend is profit sharing. Bonus and split are splitting the stocks to make it affordable. Investment is buying a stock for longer period of time like more than a year, for the returns to compound. Trading is buying/selling a stock for quick returns. Intraday, Swing, Futures and Options are examples for trading.