To first know the basic of stock market, one should first know what stock market is, Stock market is nothing but the market place where the traders meet to trade their stocks. Without the presence of stock market the exchanges between the buyer and the seller cannot take place and thus becomes difficult for the trading process. All rules regarding the exchanges are designed and regulated by the SEBI (Securities and Exchange Board of India), whose vital role is to maintain stable and efficient market by enforcing regulations. There are 3 variants in the stock market those of the share holders, promoters and the director: Share holders are the owners of the company, Promoters are those who promote the business and raise funds through IPOs and are not the owners of the company, and Director is the one responsible of business execution and decision.
If a company needs huge amount of capital to be raised from the public which is for the first time it is termed as the Initial Public Offering (IPOs)
Traders trade either from BSE or NSE where SENSEX indicates all the major companies which are listed under the BSE and NIFTY indicates all the major companies listed under the NSE.